Internal-combustion engine



Patented Dec. 21, 1920.

H. v. 1. JQUFFRET. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FiLED JUNE 10, 1918. 1,363,123.

.Unirse sra'ij'apsmrgrsur oFFlcE.

HENRI VICTOR JULES JI TFIRIEF, 0F`NEUI'LLY, SEINE, FRANCE.

iNrnRnaL-coi/iisus'rion ENGINE.

incense.

Application filed .Tune l0, 1918.

To all fio/tom t may concern: l

Be it known that I, HENRI Vieron JULES Jourriui'r, engineer, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Neuilly-sur-Seiue, Department ot Seine, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, ot which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to interi'iai combustion engines, and particularly that type wherein the compression must be augmented under certain conditions and con'unonly known as surcoinpression engines. In internal combustion engines adapted -for aeroplanes it is well. known that provision must be made for normal operation of such engines at certain elevations where the atmospheric air pressure is materially reduced. rlhese engines, when at the eartlis surface, sontv up too great amount oi it the ad in ion means or inlet ior the air is unrestrictedly open and as a. consequence there too strong air compression for practical operation. The present invention concerns a device or means for automatically controlling the air admission so that the air compression remains normal at the earths surface as well as at certain high elevations and whereby too great compression cannot take place.

The invention has for its principal object the construction oit' apparatiiis ot' the class in cuestion, so that it is more simple and at the same time operates in a more satisfactory manner than has previously been the case.

According to the general principle of my invention, in constructing apparatus of the class in question, I provide a balanced mechanism, subjected in one direction to the action of a constant force and in the other direction to the combined actions of a suction approximately constant and of the variable pressure existing in the chamber or conduit where the pressure is to be regir lated by the apparatus. y

In addition to the foregoing principal constructional feature or arrangement, the invention also includes other features which will be more fully described hereafter.

It includes certain embodiments of the said improvements or features, apparatus having the said improvements applied thereto, as new articles of manufacture, special parts for their construction and plant and engines provided with the improvement.

Speeicaton of Letters Patent.

raient-ed Dec. 21, 1920.

Serial No. 239,250.

And in order that the said invention may be clearly understood, I will now proceed .to describethe saine with referenceto the accompanying drawing, which however is given merely by way of example.

'Iigures l and 2 of the said drawing are diagrai'nmatic sections of two sets of controlliugappa atus constructed respectively according to a iirst and to a second method of carrying out my invention.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of an apparatus constructed according to a third-method of carrying out my invention.

The apparatus, about to be described with reference to the drawing, embodies methods or carrying out the invention as applied to a motor for aviation purposes working with automatically augmented compression, and provided with means for regulating the intake of air for maintaining the ratekor value of the volumetric compression of the said motor constant for all atmospheric pressures below a predetermined value. The embodiments are however` as oreviouslv stated, only typical and I may proceed iii soeoth'er equivalent or analogous manner.

i;teierruig to the drawing, a is a chamber divided into two compartments al and a2, by a device 7) which may consist of a diaphragm, but preferably, as shown in the drawing, of a piston adapted to move in the chamber a.

I connect one of the 'compartments al to an apparatus, such as a pump c, adapted to produce in the said compartment, a Suction, which is substantially constant. l connect the other compartment a2, by a conduit a2 with the aspirator tube d of the motor.

. I mount, in the admission oriiice or passage of the said tube d, an obturator or obturating device @of a balanced type, in such a way that the said device will have a tendency to open widely under the action of a constant force, exerted either by its own weight or by a spring e0. l

l. may, as shown at Ifigs.- l and term the said device c as a balanced valve, in which case, as shown at Fig. 1,1 connect the said valve e by a stem b1 to the piston I), in such a way that the constant force tending to open the valve e also tends to displace the piston in a direction opposite to that in which it would be displaced under the action of the suction produced by the pump or else, shown at Fig. 2, I may provide the chamber a inside the valve e, malring, in the piston ZJ, a conduit 61 adapted to connect the compartment o1 of the said chamber with the pump c.

0n the other hand, as shown at Fig, l may produce an effective result by forming the device e as a simple oscillating` shutter of a suitable balancing thickness.

lWith this construction, l connect the arm c1 which is adapted to operate the shutter by a rod b1 to the piston b, and arrange that theV constant force, which in this instance is a spring e0, tends to open the shutter and to displace the piston in a direction opposite to that in which it tends to be displaced under the action the suction produced by the pump c.

ln the 'foregoing manner, i obtain a pressure controlling apparatus, in the case oit' 'which all variations of pressure in the interior oi' the tube al produce a displacement with respect to one another ot' the chamber c and the piston b, the result of such dis-` placement being,` to modify the sectional area O the admission passage for air into the tube` and consequently the pressure in the said/tube. rThis displacement only ceases to Voperate when there is equilibri m on the one hand` between the action ot the constant torce-weight or Spi'ing-te1i ling to open the device c and, on the other hand, the combined action of the suction whichv is substantially constant and produced in the com iartment c1, by the pump c and oi the pressure in the tube d which operates in the compartment'a?, through the conduit c2 that to say when the pressurein the tube l has been lowered to a predetermined value.

y lt is to be observed that the suction exerted by the pump c may be ot any value Whatever, provided it remains constant, and

that it is not necessary for the piston l) .to Work tightly in the chamber a.

lt will of` course be understood that l provide in addition suitable means `tor maintaining` constant, Whatever may be the mospheric pressure, the supply of fuel, and tor this purpose l may tor instance provide the float chamber oi the carburetor With a closed or tight cover and Vconnect the in terior oic the said float chamber to the tube d.

in the case Where I utilize controlling means oil' `the kind shown at Fig. 3, in particular, l may provide, in series, in the tube,

several pressure controlling; apparatus the kind described, to avoid the fear oit cident, in case one ofthe apparatus yceases to operate, the regulation being in that case effected by theV device in action nearest to the `opening for admission of the tube.

, lt is' to beunderstood that the invention is `not limited in the particular methods ot communic-ation with the reniaininp'V compartcarrying out the same which have been just described, but that all modifications are included coming within a. fairinterpretation ot the claims.

Claims:

l. Regulating or controlling means ot the i class speciliedV and applicable to internal combustion engines, comprising` an aspirator tube, a chamber provided with means for dividing the same into tivo compartments, one orn Vthe compartments being in communication With the said tube, an obturat ing crevice cooperating with said means ior controlling an air inlet to said tube, and means for producing a suction in the remaining compartment, whereby vthe value of the volumetric compression may be maintained constant for all pressures o the atmosphere below a predetermined value.

2. ln a regulating` or controlling@`i` means of the class specified, a chamber having means for dividing the same info tivo compartments, a suction pump connected to one of the compartments, and an aspirator tube in ment tor the purposes specilied. i

3. A. regulating means applicable ternal combustion engines tor maintaining the value ot the volumetric pressure constant for all atmospheric pressures belovv a predetermined value, comprising; a chamber provided vwith a balanced part for dividing' the same, a tubular means in communication with a part of said cha-mberand in which the pressure is to be regulated, and means for exerting' a constant suction in one direction on said balanced part in opposition tothe normal tendency ci said part to open an air inlet to said tubular means.

ll. in regulating or controlling means ci the class speciiied, a chamber having an oli-- turating devicefei a balanced type coperating therewith, suction meansl connected to one partei the chamber, and an aspirator tube in communication with another part of said chamber.

5. A regulating or controlling means oit' the class specilied consisting ot an aspirator tube, a balanced obturator mounted in 4the lsaidV tube and having a chamber divided Witnesses y EUGNE JULLmZ, Orme. P. 'Ppnnssrfrl 

